RVC uncovers risk factors of canine insulinoma
A new study from the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) has revealed the factors which contribute to an increased risk of canine insulinoma.
An insulinoma is a common hormone-secreting tumour which releases insulin in an uncontrolled fashion. This can lead to dangerously low blood glucose levels, which can be lethal.
However, despite the poor prognosis of these tumours, RVC says that there is a limited understanding of the factors behind it.
To fill this knowledge gap, researchers sought to understand the prevalence and incidence risk of the condition in dogs. The study would also explore the demographic risk factors.
To investigate the condition, researchers reviewed the VetCompass electronic health records of 2,250,741 dogs in primary veterinary care in 2019.
The data reveals a 0.003 per cent incident rate of insulinoma in dogs. This is a rate ten times higher than that of human insulinoma.
For the first time, the research has also been able to identify the individual dog breeds which are more likely to develop insulinoma.
Among the breeds most likely to develop insulinoma are the boxer, flat coated retriever, German pointer and the West Highland white terrier, which were 4.5 to 9.5 times as likely. The English springer spaniel was 2.7 times more likely to develop insulinoma compared to crossbreeds. The records also suggest that terrier breeds might also have a predisposition to insulinoma.
As well as the breed data, the researchers also identified other epidemiological data which increased the chances of a dog receiving an insulinoma diagnosis.
Researchers identified that neutered females could be more likely to receive a diagnosis, as were dogs aged nine to 15 years old. Adult dogs weighing 20-30kg, or having a body weight above average for their sex or breed, were also more likely to be diagnosed with insulinoma.
There was also an increased risk for breeds which were already predisposed to parathyroid cancer and thyroid cancer.
The researchers believe that these discoveries will improve the understanding and provide evidence which will support veterinary teams to diagnose and manage the condition. It may also further understanding of canine insulinoma genetics and tumourigenesis.
Since the canine insulinoma has some similarities with human insulinoma, researchers believe this data may also prove beneficial to human scientists.
Dan O’Neill, associate professor in companion animal epidemiology at the RVC, said: “Although a rare diagnosis in dogs at a population level, insulinoma carries huge welfare impacts for those individual dogs diagnosed and their owners.
“Owners of predisposed breeds such as Dogue de Bordeaux, German pointer and flat coated retriever and their veterinary surgeons now have the power of big data as an advanced warning system on the increased risk here and so hopefully achieve earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.”
The full study can be found in the journal Scientific Reports.
Image © Shutterstock
Precautionary warning for dog chews from China
A precautionary product safety warning has been issued for a number of dog chew products imported from China.
The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is advising dog owners to avoid specific dog chews, after EU countries such as the Netherlands, Germany and Finland also released warnings.
The warning relates to a number of Barkoo and Chrisco branded products that originated in China. Although these products are not currently purchasable in the UK, there are concerns that the product may have been available online recently.
The products also have a long shelf life, and may have been purchased several months ago.
The chews could be linked with a behavioural response in dogs that is being described as ‘werewolf syndrome’.
These sudden and severe changes include panic attacks, aggression, howling, barking, restlessness, drooling and epileptic fits. Differentials also include distemper and, in recently imported dogs, rabies.
As a result of these symptoms, some dogs have died or been euthanised.
Cases in mainland Europe have been successfully managed by ceasing use of the chews and providing symptomatic care, including sedatives and antiepileptics where appropriate.
Owners who identify these symptoms in their dog should contact their veterinary surgeon as soon as possible. The causative agent for the reaction is not currently known.
If a veterinary professional suspects that the case is linked to dog chews, they must report the case to the Animal and Plant Health Agency’s Small Animal Surveillance.
Tina Potter, head of incidents at FSA, said: “While there is no confirmed distribution of affected products to the UK, there is the possibility that some consumers may have purchased these online from international sellers.
“No unsafe dog chews have been identified but, based on international investigations so far, we are advising dog owners to avoid feeding the affected chews to dogs as a precaution. There is no evidence to suggest these products present any risk to human health.”
The full list of suspected products can be found here.
Image © Shutterstock
H5N1 virus mutating in humans, study finds
A study into the spread of H5N1 in the United States of America has revealed that the virus has developed new mutations in human hosts.
Researchers from Texas Biomedical Research Institute (Texas Biomed) identified nine additional mutations in the human strain of H5N1 compared to the strain present in bovines.
H5N1, commonly known as bird flu, is naturally found in wild birds and is lethal in chickens. It has since spread through a variety of mammals, first being identified in dairy cows in spring 2024.
The first reported death caused by H5N1 was reported in January 2025, as a result of exposure to infected chickens.
Researchers are increasingly concerned about the evolution of the virus, particularly of its potential to transmit from human to human. Texas Biomed has been studying H5N1 since the outbreak began last year, using specialised tools and animal models.
When comparing the human strain of H5N1 to the strain in bovines, researchers identified nine additional mutations which were believed to have occurred after human infection.
The study found that the human strain of H5N1 caused a more severe disease than the bovine strain. The human strain also replicated more efficiently and was found in much higher quantities in brain tissue.
However, the researchers did also identify that the mutations were not affecting the efficacy of approved antibiotics.
The researchers say that this is an important finding, as antibiotics will be vital if a pandemic does occur. Humans have no pre-existing immunity against H5N1, and seasonal flu vaccines offer limited protection.
Future research will see the team explore the human strain individually, investigating why infections from cows appear to be less harmful than from chickens. They will also examine why H5N1 causes mild disease in cows, but is lethal in cats.
Ahmed Mostafa Elsayed, staff scientist at Texas Biomed, said: "A key priority will be to eradicate bird flu from dairy cows to minimize risk of mutations and transmission to people and other species,
"Steps that can be taken now include thorough decontamination of milking equipment and more stringent quarantine requirements, which will help eliminate the virus more quickly in cows."
The full study can be found in the journal Emerging Microbes and Infections.
Image © Shutterstock
Foot-and-mouth disease confirmed in Germany
The UK has banned the import of cattle from Germany.
Authorities in Germany have reported the country’s first case of foot-and-mouth disease in nearly 40 years.
The discovery means that Germany has now lost its status as free from foot-and-mouth disease under World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) requirements.
The loss of status comes after foot-and-mouth disease was identified in a herd of water buffalo on the outskirts of Berlin. German authorities say that measures are being taken to contain the highly infectious disease.
Foot-and-mouth disease, although not affecting humans, can cause fever and mouth blisters in cloven-hoofed ruminants such as cattle, sheep and goats. As well as affecting the sale of these animals, it can also impact the yield of animal products.
In past decades, the disease has required major slaughtering campaigns to eradicate it.
The UK government has responded to the threat by imposing a ban on the import of all cattle, pigs and sheep from Germany. GB health certificates will no longer be issued for animals susceptible to foot-and-mouth disease, or any related animal products.
There are currently no cases in the UK.
Dr Christine Middlemiss, UK chief veterinary officer, said: “We remain in constant contact with German counterparts to understand the latest situation following their confirmation of a single case of foot-and-mouth disease.
"We have robust contingency plans in place to manage the risk of this disease to protect farmers and Britain's food security, which means using all measures to limit the risk incursion and spread of this devastating disease.
“I would urge livestock keepers to exercise the upmost vigilance for signs of disease, follow scrupulous biosecurity and report any suspicion of disease immediately to the Animal and Plant Health Agency.”
Germany’s loss of status means that meat and dairy exports outside the European Union (EU) now face severe restrictions. Many veterinary certificates for exports outside the EU can no longer be issued, however EU rules mean that meat produced outside of the affected region can still be exported to EU countries.
The country’s federal agriculture ministry says that it ‘assumed third countries would immediately impose bans on such goods from Germany’.
Authorities in Berlin and Brandenburg have also enforced a six-day halt on transport of animals which can transmit the disease.
Image © Shutterstock
Articles by
Steph Cook
R Eddie Clutton
Clinical director
Siuna A Reid
Exotics specialist
Stephenie Malone
Specialist employment solicitor
Karen Wild
Clinical animal behaviourist
Claire Hodgson
Equine clinician
Kerry Doolin
Emergency and critical care clinician
Hilary Orpet
Senior lecturer and veterinary nurse
Clara Ashcroft
Marketing and communications writer and journalist
Jemma Fry
Veterinary physiotherapist and hydrotherapist
Stephanie Williams
Diagnostic radiographer
Norman Johnston
Dental and oral surgery specialist
Kieran Borgeat
Specialist in veterinary cardiology
Claire Hargrave
Animal behaviourist and lecturer
Emma Purnell
Veterinary nurse
John Hill
Bee enthusiast and experienced veterinary surgeon
John Matthews
Veterinary surgeon with a specific interest in goat care
Hayley Walters
Welfare and anaesthesia veterinary nurse
Helen Ballantyne
Human and veterinary nurse
Rob Tillyard
Specialising in veterinary practice management systems
Jane Ellison
Senior information scientist at the Veterinary Poisons Information Service
Alice Allbrook
James Yeates
Chief veterinary officer of the RSPCA
Joanne Webster
Head RVN, specialist in veterinary nurse training
Clinical Abstracts and blogs
Eye problems in the horse
The size and prominence of the equine eye means that disease and injury to the eye are common occurrences. Many...
Locating neurological lesions
Whilst neurology is an area of specialisation, most neurological lesions initially present in first opinion practice. Therefore, every general...
Common calving problems
The objectives for managing a cow at calving should be the same regardless of whether the cow is in a...
A forelimb amputation in a guinea pig with osteomyelitis
Guinea pigs are commonly-owned, exotic small mammals and present frequently to veterinary surgeons in general practice. Small mammal limb injuries...
Poisoning – the bigger picture: pigs, sheep, goats and horses
The Veterinary Poisons Information Service answer enquiries about any animal – big or small – and although larger animals represent...
Team member disputes – managing difficult employment relationships before they affect the wider practice
Stephenie Malone, specialist employment solicitor at Harrison Clark Rickerbys solicitors, discusses team member disputes in the veterinary practice. Difference and...
Whom to choose? Clearing confusion about appropriate behaviour and training referral services
In this article, Karen Wild, ASAB-Certificated Clinical Animal Behaviourist, explores the options for veterinary surgeons, veterinary nurses and owners regarding the...
Peeing contagious for chimpanzees, study finds
A new study has suggested that urinating might be a contagious behaviour among chimpanzees.
Keepers at the Kumamoto Sanctuary in Japan believe that their captive chimpanzees may be engaging in ‘contagious urinations’, where the primates urinate in response to the urinations of others nearby.
To examine this phenomenon, researchers from Kyoto University monitored the behaviour of 20 chimpanzees living at the sanctuary over the course of more than 600 hours. This included 1,328 urination events, which were analysed in the context of other nearby individuals.
The data confirmed that the act of urination is socially contagious among chimpanzees. The recorded urination events appeared to be synchronised with other chimpanzees, rather than occurring at random times.
This contagious urination was increased by physical proximity with the initial urinator. Chimpanzees in lower dominance ranks appeared more likely to follow urination behaviours.
This also suggests that contagious urination could be influenced by a social hierarchy, so the behaviour tends to ‘flow down’ the dominance structure.
Based on assumptions from the semi-voluntary behaviour of yawning, the researchers also expected social closeness to be a factor in urination patterns.
However, the urination events showed no link between socially close pairs and contagious urination. Instead it was the social hierarchy which led urination patterns among the group.
The researchers say that this seemingly mundane behaviour could have further implications for social behaviours among chimpanzees. They say that contagious peeing could provide insights into group cohesion, coordination and the social bonds between the primates.
Shinya Yamamoto, from Kyoto University, said: “This was an unexpected and fascinating result, as it opens up multiple possibilities for interpretation,
“For instance, it could reflect hidden leadership in synchronising group activities, the reinforcement of social bonds, or attention bias among lower-ranking individuals. These findings raise intriguing questions about the social functions of this behaviour.”
The researchers say that further study could look into the specific mechanisms of contagious urination in chimpanzees, as well as investigating whether this occurs in other species.
The full study can be found in the journal Current Biology.
Image © Shutterstock
Sustainability leader elected first CEO of Vet Sustain
Laura Gelder-Robertson brings expertise from the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors.
Vet Sustain, an organisation supporting veterinary professionals towards a more sustainable future, has appointed Laura Gelder-Robertson as its first chief executive officer.
Bringing 25 years of business and sustainability experience to the role, Laura will head up a team of directors, volunteers and working group members, driving action towards six sustainability goals (Welfare, Wildlife, Wellbeing, Warming, Waste and Water).
Welcoming Laura to the team, Vet Sustain’s chair Ed Bailey said: “We are thrilled to appoint Laura at the helm of Vet Sustain. Working with our existing team, her expertise will allow cross-pollination of ideas and solutions from other sectors, strengthening the tools, training and collaborations we build to serve our veterinary community.”
Image (C) Shutterstock.
Applications open for RCVS Fellowship
The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS) has opened applications for veterinary surgeons to join the RCVS Fellowship.
The RCVS Fellowship is a learned society which works to advance veterinary standards and promote scientific excellence.
Veterinary surgeons can enter the RCVS Fellowship through three routes, each with different criteria. This enables people with a range of expertise and experience to join the society.
The routes are: Meritorious Contributions to Clinical Practice, Meritorious Contributions to Knowledge and Meritorious Contributions to the Profession.
Applicants must share a summary of their contributions to the profession, including examples of significant works produced throughout their career. The application will then be assessed by a panel of judges against a set of criteria.
Veterinary surgeons have until 4pm on Friday, 14 March to submit applications. More information, including requirements and guidance can be found here.
Image © RCVS
Scottish independent group marks 60th anniversary
A Scottish independent veterinary group is marking its 60th anniversary, two years after it became one of Scotland’s first employee-owned practices.
The group, which includes the most northern practice on the British mainland, is well-known for featuring on Channel 5’s The Highland Vet from 2020 to 2022.
DS McGregor & Partners first opened in Thurso in 1965, when owner Donald McGregor took on an existing practice. In 1983 he went on to buy a second practice in Wick, following the retirement of the previous owner.
Its team now consists of 48 employees, providing small animal, farm and equine services over a thousand square miles of Scotland.
In 2022, DS McGregor & Partners became one of the first practices in mainland Scotland to transfer into an Employee Ownership Trust (EOT). The group has formed an EOT board, consisting of five team members across different levels, which will sit alongside its board of directors to keep the practice updated on ideas and initiatives.
As part of its ongoing growth, the veterinary group recently completed work on a £300,000 extension to its Thurso practice. It was also part-funded by a £75,000 grant from the Highlands and Islands Enterprise.
Alongside renovation to the existing practice, the extension gives the practice a second state of the art operation theatre, a third consulting room and additional ward space.
The veterinary group says that the new facilities will enable it to treat more local pets and wildlife.
It has also launched a new website, an online consultation booking system and a new health plan for cats and dogs. It says that its staff has been involved in all of the developments.
Fiona Sutherland, a director and veterinary surgeon for DS McGregor & Partners, said: “Pet ownership spiked during the pandemic with lots of people becoming pet owners for the first time, as well as welcoming second and third cats and dogs into their homes.
“All this means demand for our services is higher than ever, but crucially we now have the foundations in place to ensure that we can continue treating local pets, farm animals and horses for the next 60 years and beyond.”
Image © DS McGregor & Partners
Study reveals public attitudes towards horse sport
Leading horse sector organisations welcome the findings.
The results of a major study into public attitudes towards horse sport and equine welfare have been released.
It follows the first major collaboration of leading equestrian bodies and organisations to understand not only why the public think about horse sports but also why they think as they do. The results confirm the sector is ‘on the right track’ in prioritising improvements but ‘there is much more to do’.
The independent study, funded by the Racing Foundation, was initiated by World Horse Welfare in collaboration with British Equestrian, The British Horseracing Authority and The British Horse Society, among other organisations. It’s also the largest survey of its kind, conducted by Australian engagement science specialists, Voconiq, based on more than 5,000 responses.
The results show that the UK public recognise the social importance of horses to life in the UK, and that this is a key driver of trust.
Procedural fairness, regulation and transparency on welfare were also highlighted - with many of these underpinned by equine welfare standards, which play a significant role in shaping confidence in horse sport.
Roly Owers, chief executive of World Horse Welfare, commented: “With society changing around us it is so important that we in the horse world listen to how others see our relationship with horses, so we are delighted that our sector has been so proactive in seeking to understand public views.
"What is especially encouraging is how the sector has come together to learn from these results and is committed to work together to act on them, recognising that building public trust on welfare is about concrete actions and not just about words.”
The survey also found that the UK public have concerns about the welfare of horses in sports, but appreciate that welfare is a complex issue involving more than simply preventing harm to horses.
Many respondents felt that horses should have the opportunity to enjoy positive experiences, and that horse sports should prioritise making competitions safer for horses – even if it means sacrificing some of the traditional elements of the sport.
Jim Eyre, chief executive of British Equestrian welcomed the findings of this research, adding: "The confirmation that we still have public acceptance, despite the difficulties that equestrianism has faced in recent years, is very positive.
“As an industry, we are united by our passion for the horse and everything we do must have the wellbeing of our equine partners at its heart – something encapsulated in our Charter of the Horse. However, we know there is still more we can do.
“Equestrian sport is an ever-changing landscape and, in proactively commissioning a study that encompasses so many of our equestrian activities, we can use these results to guide future work by us and our member bodies. We look forward to safeguarding the place of the horse in society as we demonstrate to the public that they’re right to put their trust in us.”
To read the full results of the survey, visit worldhorsewelfare.org
Over ten per cent surveyed unaware of cat microchip law
An online survey from RSPCA has revealed that one in ten people are unaware of the cat microchipping law.
The results also showed widespread concern for the costs of the procedure, as well as difficulties with obtaining an appointment.
The survey comes six months after it became a legal requirement in England for cats over 20 weeks old to be microchipped. Only feral, farm or unowned cats are exempt from this law. Pet owners that do not microchip their cat could face a fine of up to £500 fine.
However the recent poll, answered by animal welfare supporters online, revealed that 11 per cent were not aware of the cat microchipping law.
The survey also found concerns about the process of microchipping a cat. Over a third of respondents said that their most common challenge to microchipping a cat was the cost of the procedure.
Twenty-one per cent did not believe that their indoor cat needed to be microchipped, while 17 per cent said that they struggled to get their cat seen by a veterinary professional.
As well as now being a legal requirement, RSPCA is raising awareness of the importance of microchipping for a cat’s welfare. The charity says that a microchip is the best way to reunite pets and owners if a cat is lost, stolen or injured.
Microchipping procedures tend to cost between £15-£30, with some practices including microchipping in their health plans. Charities, including some RSPCA centres and branches, will sometimes offer discounted microchipping and neutering.
This is particularly important for indoor cats, who might escape the house when scared. Without outdoor survival skills, an indoor cat will find it particularly difficult to find its way back.
Alice Potter, cat welfare expert at the RSPCA, said: “As we strive to create a better world for every kind - we’d urge owners who haven’t got their cat microchipped yet to contact their vet to book an appointment or they could face a hefty fine of up to £500 - that means it is around £480 cheaper to chip your cat!
“Owners will also be required to keep their contact details up-to-date on a pet microchipping database, which is a great way to ensure your feline stays safe.”
Image © Shutterstock
Scientists call for review of pesticide flea treatments
Study find high levels of veterinary insecticide in bird’s nests.
Scientists are urging the government to review the environmental risk of pesticides used in flea and tick treatments after research found high levels of veterinary drugs in birds’ nests lined with animal fur.
The call from the University of Sussex comes in response to a study that found that nesting birds are commonly exposed to insecticides, including high levels of fipronil, imidacloprid and permethrin – all of which were linked to a higher number of dead offspring or unhatched eggs.
Fipronil and imidacloprid, applied topically in the form of shampoos, spot-on treatments or sprays, are widely applied to cats and dogs as a preventative measure against fleas and ticks. However, scientists now propose that the drugs should only be used if a cat or dog actually has them.
Speaking to The Guardian, study lead Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu said the significant presence of harmful chemical could be highly destructive for UK bird populations.
“Our research shows that based on the chemicals detected, veterinary flea and tick drugs are the most likely source of contamination. We undertook our research when it was safe to do so at the end of the breeding season, so the problem could in fact be much worse.
“This raises questions about the environmental impact of veterinary drugs and calls for a comprehensive environmental risk assessment of veterinary treatments.”
In the study, published in Science of the Total Environment, researchers collected 103 nests from blue and great tits, which were lined with animal fur.
They found that 100 per cent of the nests contained fipronil, banned for agricultural use in the UK, and 89 per cent contained imidacloprid, banned as a plant protection product in the EU. A further 89 per cent contained permethrin.
The findings build on previous research that parasiticide products used on small animals are causing harmful pollution in UK rivers and ponds.
A total ban on the use of imidacloprid in agriculture is being considered by the UK government owing to its harmful effects on pollinators. However, this ban does not extend to veterinary treatments.
Scientists found a higher number of unhatched eggs and/or dead offspring in nests with high prevalence of insecticide.
Imae (C) Shutterstock.
HRH the Princess Royal opens new Clinical Excellence Centre
Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal has officially opened a new state-of-the-art Clinical Excellence Centre in Swindon.
The facility, owned by Improve Veterinary Education, incorporates the equipment and resources to support veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses to develop their clinical skills.
As part of the visit, the Princess Royal toured the facility and met with delegates and faculty. There was also an opportunity to observe a live demonstration of an abdominal ultrasound.
The Princess Royal unveiled a commemorative plaque, before speaking to attendees about the importance of lifelong learning to animal healthcare.
The event was also attended by Kirsty Williams, RCVS education quality improvement manager, and other guests from the veterinary profession.
Improve Veterinary Education, which is part of the Improve International Group, says that the Clinical Excellence Centre represents a milestone in veterinary training. It says that it forms part of its commitment to provide high standards of animal care through advanced professional development.
The centre is designed to provide a dedicated space for veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses to collaborate for immersive, hands-on learning. It is the largest training centre in Europe for veterinary professionals, spanning 850m2.
The facility includes two surgical wet-lab training theatres, a fully-equipped dentistry lab suite and a custom orthopaedic radiography suite. It will host a range of postgraduate training programmes, including hands-on practical workshops and training sessions.
Improve Veterinary Education says that the site is built with sustainability in mind and is committed to environmental sustainability initiatives.
Heber Alves, CEO of Improve International, said: “We are deeply honoured to welcome HRH to officially open our Clinical Excellence Centre. This facility reflects our dedication to providing veterinary professionals with access to world-class education and resources, ensuring they can deliver the best possible care to their patients.
“Today marks a moment of pride and inspiration for the entire team.”
Image © Improve Veterinary Education
Avian Influenza Prevention Zone in place across England
A new Avian Influenza Prevention Zone (AIPZ) has been ordered by the UK’s chief veterinary officer to cover the whole of England.
The zone came into force on Saturday, 25 January amidst increasing concerns about avian influenza risk levels in wild birds.
Under the Defra rules, bird keepers must now practice enhanced biosecurity measures to prevent further outbreaks. The chief veterinary officer also urges bird keepers to remain alert for signs of the disease and report any suspicions to the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA).
The AIPZ applies to all bird keepers, including those keeping pet birds, commercial flocks and birds in a backyard flock.
Defra has also announced new changes to housing orders across England from Monday, 27 January.
The housing order in the north of England has been extended to cover York and north Yorkshire. A new housing order has also been announced for Shropshire after cases were discovered in the county.
Other places with housing orders include East Riding of Yorkshire, Kingston Upon Hull, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Suffolk.
These areas must follow the strictest levels of biosecurity. The mandatory housing also applies to any 3km Protection Zone which surrounds an infected premises.
Bird keepers should consult the interactive map to see how they are affected, and then consult either the guidance for regional areas with or without housing measures for further details.
Further details about the ongoing situation and specific guidance for bird keepers can also be found on the government website. This includes measures such as cleansing and disinfecting clothing, vehicles and footwear if someone suspects they have been in contact with avian influenza.
Christine Middlemiss, the UK’s chief veterinary officer, said: “Given the continued increase in the number of bird flu cases across England, we are taking further action to try and prevent the further spread of disease.
“I urge bird keepers to check which requirements apply to them, to continue to exercise robust biosecurity measures, remain alert for any signs of disease and report suspected disease immediately to the Animal and Plant Health Agency.”
Image © Shutterstock
RSPCA launches 'Big Conversation' survey
The survey will consider the future of animal welfare.
The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) has launched its Animal Futures: The Big Conversation survey for 2025.
The online survey, which runs from 23 January to 21 February, invites people in England and Wales to share their views on animal welfare and the future of animal care.
RSPCA believes that animal welfare is facing numerous challenges. It says that climate change, artificial intelligence and intensive farming are each changing the role of animals in society.
To investigate how new developments will impact animal futures, RSPCA will be asking questions on four different themes.
The themes explore how we use animals, the relationship between animals and technology, the role of animal welfare for farmed animals, and animals in the wild. Key talking points include the role of technology, the potential for meat substitutes and society’s access to nature.
The welfare charity hopes that the survey will be the biggest ever conversation about animals, as it calls on more than 10,000 people to take part in the discussion.
The survey will run from 23 January to 21 February.
After the online conversation, the RSPCA will launch a second phase from 17 March until 31 March. This will involve the charity sharing initial findings with a select group, recruited to represent a variety of viewpoints.
This group will join a Citizens’ Assembly to discuss the issues affecting animal welfare, which will continue to engage with the RSPCA. The charity says that it is the first assembly of its kind to be dedicated wholly to animal welfare.
At the end of the project the RSPCA will publish a report to inform their campaigning work for the year ahead.
This is the second year of the Animal Futures project, which last year saw them envisage five future scenarios with an interactive game. This year, the RSPCA will be launching the Animal Futures podcast to explore topics in more detail.
Gemma Hope, RSPCA’s assistant director of policy, advocacy and evidence, said: “We know it takes everyone to create a better world for every animal - and this Big Conversation will look at how society uses animals; the future role of technology; farmed animals and food systems; and animals in the wild.
“And what people say will really matter. The views of the public will help shape future RSPCA policy and conversations with the UK and Welsh governments for years to come.”
The survey can be found here.
Image © Shutterstock
Charity sees rise in welfare cases involving large groups of horses
World Horse Welfare has recorded a significant rise in welfare cases involving large groups of horses in 2024.
As of November 2024, the equine charity had dealt with 157 cases where more than 10 horses’ welfare was at risk. This is a 44 per cent increase from 2023, where 109 cases were recorded.
Furthermore, cases where more than 50 horses were at risk nearly doubled from 2023 to 2024.
The increase in cases is of great concern for World Horse Welfare, filling up its rescue and rehoming centres with horses rescued from neglect. It also puts pressure on the charity’s 16 field officers, which work across England, Scotland and Wales
To keep up with the demand, World Horse Welfare has also had to invest in more equipment including trailers and large horse-safe panels. These resources are vital for safely mobilising and transporting the horses.
Field officers believe that the rise in cases is in part due to climactic changes such as warmer, wetter winters. As well as causing foot and skin problems, muddy conditions can make it harder to move around horses and ensure their health and welfare.
Mental health and financial issues can also impact a horse owner's ability to care for their equines.
In response to these challenges, the charity has also launched its Help for Horse Owners support service. The charity hopes that the scheme will support horse owners before their ability to care for their horses is compromised.
Horse owners that are worried about their ability to care for their horses can contact the charity for help and advice for their unique circumstances. It also offers support with rehoming horses, should a horse owner decide they cannot care for their horses appropriately.
Claire Gordon, chief field officer, said: “We also have an aging population in the UK, alongside a greater awareness of how our mental health can affect our ability to provide care for our animals. It is often on these large-scale rescues that we find not only the horses living in poor environments but also too, their struggling owners.
“We have lost count of the number of people we have helped when they have nowhere else to turn and are often at their lowest ebb. They usually are so grateful and report back that they wished they had known sooner that we existed and that they would have asked for help earlier if only they had known.”
Image © World Horse Welfare
UK enters bluetongue seasonally low vector period
The chief veterinary officer (CVO) has announced that the UK has entered a seasonally low vector period for bluetongue virus.
Restricted Zones will stay in place in affected regions as a precautionary measure while the farming industry considers its next steps, however some restrictions will be eased.
The low vector period is the result of colder temperatures across the UK, which is reducing midge activity. This means that midges are not actively feeding, which results in a lower risk of new infections from biting midges.
Animals which are moving out of a Restricted Zone will still require a pre-movement test, unless they are going directly to slaughter or a dedicated slaughter market.
However there will no longer be a requirement for post-movement tests when an animal has left a Restricted Zone. Insecticide will not need to be used in transport vehicles and animals will not need to be sent to slaughter in designated abattoirs.
The changes came into effect on Tuesday, 21 January 2025. The situation remains under review.
Christine Middlemiss, UK chief veterinary officer, said: “We are now in a seasonally vector low period when midge activity is lower with a significantly reduced risk of disease from biting midges, meaning we can ease some of the measures in place to mitigate disease spread.
“However, I would urge farmers to remain vigilant and report any livestock they suspect have the disease to APHA. We are committed to working with everyone affected and will continue to keep the Restricted Zone under review.”
Bluetongue virus is a notifiable disease. All suspected cases in England must be reported to the Animal and Plant Health Agency on 03000 200 301.
Image © Shutterstock
Fewer RVNs removed from RCVS register
Improvements to annual process have simplified communications.
The number of veterinary nurses being removed from the RCVS Register for non-payment of their annual renewal fee has fallen to its lowest since 2020.
This year, 331 veterinary nurses were removed from the register (1.3 per cent of RVNS) compared to 415 at the beginning of 2024 (1.8 per cent) and 328 (1.49 per cent) in 2023.
It comes after the College moved to an online-only system in 2020, and began emailing veterinary nurses about the process, instead of sending them letters and renewal forms by post.
RCVS head of registration Nicola South said: “We are glad to see only a very small proportion of veterinary nurses were removed from the Register this year and this is largely down to improved and simplified communications, including the use of text message reminders which can be more effective in terms of ensuring renewal completion and providing answers to frequently asked registration questions on our website.
“For the past few years, we have also improved our annual renewal process by working with some of the larger veterinary employers to ensure that all their employees’ details are recorded centrally which makes the process of renewing their registration in bulk much easier. Making every employee aware that their employer will be paying the fee, again, makes the process much smoother as fewer communications need to be sent.
She added: “Of course, we are never resting on our laurels and will continue to work to improve the annual renewal process for both veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses so we welcome any constructive feedback about how we can do better.”
Study sheds light on guinea pig neoplasia
Tumour prevalence increases with age.
Tumour prevalence is higher in guinea pigs than previously thought, according to new research.
The study led by the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used autopsy reports collected from three pathology institutes in Germany, Austria and the USA. Of the 2,474 guinea pigs autopsied, the team found tumours in 508 cases (21 per cent of guinea pigs), and multiple tumours in 95 cases.
Leukaemia or lymphomas were the most common tumours, particularly in younger animals, with lymph nodes, liver and spleen being the most frequently affected organs. Non-lymphoid tumours were most commonly found in the female genital tract (mostly the uterus), lungs, skin, thyroid gland and gastrointestinal tract.
It had been previously considered that tumour prevalence in guinea pigs was low – based on research on laboratory animals which are typically younger. However, this new study found a tumour in one in five guinea pigs, which is higher than for pet rabbits studied at the same institution.
Moreover, the team found that tumour prevalence increased with age – from one per cent in guinea pigs under 0.5 years old to 54 per cent for animals over five years old.
The authors write: ‘Our postmortem study demonstrates a high prevalence of disseminated lymphoma or leukaemia in pet guinea pigs at the time of death or euthanasia. Additional studies are needed to further characterize these tumors.’
The research, Neoplasia in pet guinea pigs: a retrospective analysis of 2,474 autopsy examinations, is published in the Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.
Naturewatch Foundation grant to open for applications
Naturewatch Foundation has invited animal rescuers from across the UK to apply for a share of its 2025 Pet Rescue Grant.
From Friday, 24 January UK charities and community interest companies (CICs) with an income of up to £5m will be able to apply for a grant of up to £10,000 towards their animal rescue and rehabilitation work.
For the first time, Naturewatch Foundation is also offering a mini-grant of £1,000 to unincorporated charities and voluntary organisations working in their local community.
The Pet Rescue Grant is designed specifically to support dogs, cats and rabbits that are affected by the UK’s illegal pet trade. This includes cases such as illegal puppy farming, unlicensed breeding and the irresponsible sale of pets.
In 2024, the grant’s first year, the Pet Rescue Grant received 72 applications to its fund. Bliss Cavalier Rescue, Axholme Cat Rescue and Rabbit Residence Rescue each received funding to support their animal welfare work.
Many of the proposals were related to veterinary causes, with applications accepted from around the UK for dog, cat and rabbit charities.
Although last year’s fund offered grants of up to £5,000 to charities, the charity says the generosity of it supporters has now allowed it to increase its maximum grant to £10,000.
Naturewatch Foundation says that their funding is particularly important this year, with many UK rescue charities working at full capacity. It says that many organisations are still seeing the impacts of the cost-of-living crisis, Covid-19 puppy boom and the XL bully ban.
Natalie Harney, campaign manager at Naturewatch Foundation, said: “The Pet Rescue Grant is about more than just funding; it’s about helping to give exploited animals a second chance.
“Although we’re a small charity ourselves, we’re proud to support the incredible work of rescues across the UK, especially during challenging times when demand for animal welfare services is higher than ever.”
Applications will open from 24 January and will close on 21 February. Rescue organisations can apply on the Naturewatch Foundation website.
Image © Shutterstock
Pet Blood Bank relaunches annual awards
Nominations are open until the end of March.
Nominations are now open for the annual Heart of Pet Blood Bank Awards, hosted by veterinary charity, Pet Blood Bank UK.
The awards celebrate the incredible people and their dogs who go above and beyond to support the charity, which provides a vital blood donation service for pets.
This year, Pet Blood Bank has refreshed its award categories to align with its core values, exemplified by its supporters. The categories include:
Caring: celebrating those who embody the welfare-first spirit of Pet Blood Bank.
Pioneering: recognising people or pets who find innovative ways to support the charity.
Real: championing people who use realistic thinking and evidence to make a real difference to Pet Blood Bank UK.
The final award is the charity's flagship Bramble Craddock Award – a tribute to Bramble, one of Pet Blood Bank’s highest donors. Open to all donors, the award celebrates the unique role dogs play in our lives, and the difference they make to their owner’s life of the lives of others.
Nominations for this year’s awards are open until the end of March, with the ceremony taking place in June. Any nominations received from April will be considered for next year’s event.
The charity said: ‘If you know someone or a dog who deserves recognition, we would love to hear their story. Nominate today and spread the word out – we hope you are as excited as we are to celebrate the incredible contributions of our supporters (you!)’
The awards are open to individuals, veterinary practices and incredible dogs who have gone the extra mile for Pet Blood Bank. To make a nomination, visit petbloodbankuk.org
Avian Influenza Prevention Zone announced for Northern Ireland
An Avian Influenza Prevention Zone (AIPZ) has been introduced in Northern Ireland, following the country’s first notifiable cases since 2023.
The AIPZ was enacted on Saturday, 18 January at 12.00pm after confirmation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in a wild bird.
Birdkeepers in Northern Ireland are now legally required to follow strict biosecurity measures. The rules apply to all birdkeepers, whether they have pet birds, commercial flocks or a hobby flock.
The case was identified on Wednesday, 15 January in a wild goose, which was found in Black Lough, Dungannon, County Tyrone.
This was followed by two additional cases, reported on Friday, 17 January. These were also confirmed to be two wild birds: a buzzard near Moira and a whooper swan in Portballintrae.
Avian influenza is a notifiable disease and birdkeepers are required to report any suspected cases to their local Divisional Veterinary Office. If a member of the public finds a dead wild bird, they must report them on the DAERA Dead Wild Bird Online Reporting Tool.
The Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) says that the AIPZ is vital to protect Northern Ireland’s agri-food industry. It says that poultry and egg production contributes over £600m to Northern Ireland’s economy, and is an important source of employment.
The biosecurity requirements state that poultry should be provided with food and water to which wild birds have no access. There are also mandatory rules for cleansing and disinfection.
As well as following the biosecurity measures, DAERA requires that birdkeepers register flocks of all sizes with them. This means that they will be able to contact birdkeepers directly with communications and updates.
Brian Dooher, chief veterinary officer for Northern Ireland, said: “I would encourage all flock keepers, even if you keep just one bird, to improve biosecurity in order to prevent an incursion of the disease into our poultry flock.
“If avian influenza were to enter our Northern Ireland flock, it would have a significant and devastating impact on our poultry industry, international trade and the wider economy.”
The AIPZ declaration can be found here.
Image © Shutterstock
VMD responds to Librela solution concerns
The Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) has said that it is ‘constantly reviewing’ Librela Solution for Injection for Dogs, following media reports of adverse events.
The medicinal product, which contains the active substance bedinvetmab, is used for the alleviation of pain caused by osteoarthritis in dogs.
Reports in the media, particularly in the United States of America, throughout 2024 had revealed concerns about adverse effects from the drug. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a statement in December describing severe side effects from the popular drug.
As part of its drug authorisation process, the VMD assesses the safety, quality and efficacy of veterinary medicines before and after authorisation.
Based on findings from recent reports, the VMD updated the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) for Librela Solution on 10 December 2024.
The new data reveals that, in rare cases, diarrhoea, emesis, ataxia, urinary incontinence, anorexia and lethargy have been reported. In very rare cases, some dogs have experienced seizures.
Previously recorded adverse events include hypersensitivity reactions, immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia.
The VMD says that any instances of a suspected adverse event are monitored by its pharmacovigilance team. The team assesses reports submitted to the VMD from both veterinary professionals and animal owners.
As with all medicinal products marketed in the UK, the pharmacovigilance team had been continuously monitoring Librela since it was first released in November 2020.
The VMD states that no medicinal product is 100 per cent risk free. It calculates that, according to its data, fewer than 15 animals experience adverse events for every 10,000 doses of Librela sold.
It tells veterinary professionals and pet owners that it is constantly reviewing adverse event report data for authorised medicines. This means that, for each licensed veterinary product, the benefits of the medicine must outweigh the risks posed by potential adverse events.
To report any adverse effects for a drug, find the Marketing Authorisation Holder’s contact details in the product information or find the product on the Product Information Database. Further information about the Librela Solution for Injection in Dogs can be found here.
Image © Shutterstock
BSAVA reveals 2025 award winners
The British Small Animal Veterinary Association (BSAVA) has revealed the winners of its awards for 2025.
Their contributions to the veterinary profession will be celebrated at an awards ceremony during the BSAVA Congress and Expo on Friday, 21 March. The ceremony will see 12 awards given to the ‘unsung heroes’ of the veterinary profession.
This year’s Bourgelat Award is awarded to Paulo Steagall, professor of veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia at the City University of Hong Kong. Prof Steagall is recognised for his contributions to pain management awareness, as well as his work raising global animal welfare standards.
It also commends his collaborative work in animal shelters and his mentorship of his students.
Richard Meeson is awarded this year’s Simon Award. Prof Meeson has worked with clinical practice to improve patient outcomes, as well as developing veterinary knowledge of feline orthopaedics.
The Woodrow Award goes to Holger Volk, professor of small animal diseases at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover. Prof Volk works in neurology, leading his team to investigate nutritional effects on epilepsy and the use of faecal implants to treat it.
The J.A. Wight Memorial Award will be awarded to Mark Morton. Presented by the Blue Cross, he is celebrated for his work with the RCVS Knowledge Canine Cruciate Registry, which has become a worldwide campaign to improve management of canine cruciate disease.
Recognised for her work as a registered veterinary nurse (RVN) is Tina Parnell, who receives the Bruce Vivash Jones Veterinary Nurse Award. Ms Parnell is recognised for her dedication to RVN training, which has seen her take on further education to improve her teaching skills.
The BSAVA PetSavers Clinical Research Abstract Award goes to Shona Bloodworth, while the BSAVA PetSavers Annual Research Award has been awarded to Sam Khan.
BSAVA honorary secretary Adam Gow said: “We had many outstanding nominations this year, and the awards have gone to some exceptional individuals.
“A huge congratulations to all our well-deserved winners, we look forward to presenting and celebrating the awards at Congress and Expo in March.”
Image © BSAVA